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The Bombardier Challenger 600 series is a family of business jets. It was first produced by Canadair as an independent company and then produced from 1986 by Canadair as a division of Bombardier Aerospace. ==Development== The origin of the Challenger 600 lies in Canadair’s purchase of a concept for a business jet aircraft, the ''LearStar 600'' from the American inventor and aircraft developer Bill Lear. However, Lear had practically no influence on the ensuing development and design of the aircraft.〔Rashke 1985, pp. 333–338.〕〔 Even the name LearStar was not new to this concept, since Lear had long before used the name for his conversion of Lockheed Lodestars into business transports.〔Munson, Russell. "Boardroom Bombers: From Warpaint to Pinstripes." ''Flying,'' Volume 119, Isuue 9, September 1987, p. 96.〕 Thus, Canadair quickly abandoned the name ''LearStar'' and adopted the name ''Challenger''.〔Rashke 1985, p. 339.〕 Canadair's top management was of the opinion that Lear’s concept was sketchy at best.〔Pickler and Milberry 1995, p. 263.〕 Lear did not have an expert grasp of aeronautical engineering.〔Logie 1992, p. 57.〕 He was also at a financial low point, with a skeleton staff. Thus, he had only been able to pay a California aeronautical consultant to do some very preliminary design explorations.〔Logie 1992, p. 55.〕 However, Canadair planned to use Lear’s name and skills at self-promotion to secure extensive financial guarantees for a business jet project from the Canadian Federal government.〔 This proved an effective choice. In the 1980 The National Film Board of Canada documentary on the development of the aircraft,〔Low, Stephen. (''Challenger: An Industrial Romance'' (16 mm, 57 min 23, sound, colour film). ) Montreal: National Film Board of Canada, 1980.〕 future Prime Minister Jean Chrétien specifically refers to the effect of personal contact with Lear (on Chrétien’s decision to direct financial support to Canadair’s program). At the time of these events, Chrétien was successively President of the Treasury Board, Minister of Industry, Trade and Commerce, and Minister of Finance, in the Canadian Federal government. Due to the use of letters of comfort, the extent of the Ministry's financial commitments for Canadair could be kept from parliament and the public for several years.〔''Report of the Auditor General of Canada to the House of Commons'' for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1982, para. 10.95 to 10.100.〕 These financial guarantees were later used as an academic example of insufficient monitoring and lax controls in government support of industry.〔Borins, Stanford F. and Lee Brown. ''Investments in Failure.'' New York: Raven Press, 1987. ISBN 0-458-80340-5.〕 While the Challenger would be similar in general configuration to other aircraft of its type already on the market, certain of its features would stand out, for example, the use of a widened fuselage that allowed a "walk-about cabin". The Challenger was also one of the first bizjets designed with a supercritical wing. On 8 November 1978, the prototype aircraft took off at Montreal, Canada. The second and third prototypes flew in 1979. A test flight on 3 April 1980 in the Mojave Desert resulted in disaster, the aircraft crashing due to the failure of the release mechanism to detach the recovery chute after a deep stall, killing one of the test pilots (the other test pilot and the flight test engineer parachuted to safety).〔("The Crash of Challenger #1001." ) ''Check-Six.com.'' Retrieved: 19 September 2012.〕 Despite the crash, both Transport Canada and the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States certified the aircraft in 1980, albeit with restrictions to pilots including a limited maximum takeoff weight. A program to reduce the aircraft's weight was then implemented to improve the aircraft's range. Challengers can be identified visually by their distinctive fowler flap design, where the fairings can be seen below the wings, a sight much more common on commercial airliners. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bombardier Challenger 600 series」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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